Comparative analysis of the cooperative model between Mondragón and Coopnama 2020–2025 88 26

Abstract

This study aims to comparatively analyze the cooperative models of Mondragón Corporación Cooperativa (Spain) and the Cooperativa Nacional de Servicios Múltiples de los Maestros – Coopnama (Dominican Republic), identifying their strengths, weaknesses, economic-financial performance, and resilience capacity within the framework of the social and solidarity economy (SSE). The method applied was qualitative and comparative, based on documentary review of academic literature, institutional reports, and journalistic sources, complemented by the analysis of socioeconomic indicators, governance structures, and membership evolution between 2020 and 2025. The results show that Mondragón, with more than 80,000 workers, reached revenues of €11,213 million in 2024, an EBITDA of €1,661 million, and annual investment of €370 million in R&D, consolidating its leadership in innovation and sustainability. Its governance is complex and professionalized, with collegiate bodies balancing democracy and efficiency. Coopnama, with more than 200,000 members, recorded assets of RD$110,598.7 million in 2025 and a loan portfolio of RD$75,754.6 million (+16.4% compared to 2024), standing out for financial inclusion and social cohesion. Its governance is community-based and territorial, with strong emphasis on representation and educational programs. The conclusions highlight that SSE is a flexible and resilient paradigm: Mondragón demonstrates that cooperativism can compete in global markets through innovation and sustainability, while Coopnama confirms that it can be a driver of financial inclusion and social cohesion in national contexts. Both models enrich cooperative literature and provide valuable insights to strengthen SSE in diverse scenarios.